A Study of the Speech act of Advising in Pahlavi with Reference to its Realization in English
Keywords:
speech act theory, speech act of advising, pragmatic, Pahlavi Counsels, Felicity conditions.Abstract
Speech act of advising is the utterance by illocutionary point of getting the hearer to conduct the action in hearer’s own sake without obligation. The present study aims at analyzing speech act advising in Pahlavi text of Counsels of AdarbadMahraspandan in the light of pragmatics in general and speech act theory in particular. It is a pragma-linguistic analysis of the speech act of advising with particular focus on their establishment and their realization in both source which is in Pahlavi (SL.) and the target language which is English (TL.). It can also be regarded as a quest to verify whether it is possible to postulate felicity conditions and semantic rules for the acts under study; and whether structural and cultural divergences between Pahlavi and English exhibit differences in the status and realization of these acts in the two languages. Several hypotheses are put forward in the study; for example, it is hypothesized that speech act theory can be applied to this particular literary genre (Counsels), that felicity conditions and asemantic rules can be generated to establish and analyze speech act of advising, that literary texts resemble normal ordinary conversations in structure and realization, that the SL and TL might exhibit a network of different patterns of the acts under discussion, and so on. In addition to verifying the validity of the above hypotheses, the study has come out with several findings: First, speech act theory can be applied to counsels as it applies to other genres. Secondly, both the SL and TL exhibit a high degree of similarities in subject, agent, voice,etc. Thirdly, it shows structural difference in both languages. Fourth, a high degree of translatability is reflected pertaining to the realization of speech act of advising in the TL; this indirectly hints at the phenomenon of language categories which put the both Pahlavi and English under Indo-European languages.
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